Sapphire Ventures’ latest Market Memo, AI (In)Security, explores how rapidly advancing AI capabilities are reshaping Cybersecurity. As AI makes attacks faster, cheaper, and increasingly autonomous, Security is becoming an even more urgent priority for enterprises and a growing area of opportunity for the next generation of technology companies.

Here’s a preview:

• AI-powered attacks are becoming autonomous: The OpenAI–Hugging Face incident saw 1,200 agents execute 17,613 attacker actions over four days without human supervision.
• Cyber capabilities are advancing quickly: Frontier-model cyber capabilities are now estimated to double every 4.7 months.
• Attack economics are shifting: AI is dramatically reducing the time and cost required to identify and exploit vulnerabilities.
• The attack surface is expanding: AI-generated code, agents, Shadow AI, prompt injection, and model poisoning are creating new vulnerabilities.
• Security is entering a new era: The shift toward machine-speed attacks is creating demand for equally fast, AI-native defenses.